A Concept Diagram
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...especially following surgery, for older adults is functional decline. This decline is associated with longer hospital staysreased mortality, higher rates of institutionalization and greater need for rehabilitation and home care services (Inouye, Bogardus, Baker, Leo-Summers & Coone, 2000). Nurses are responsible for facilitating patients' recovery in less time for an increasingly older population at greater risk for functional decline. Research has demonstrated that pain, depression and fatigue occur in relation to the functional status of older adults. Patients may limit activities because of pain and fatigue, which then interferes with their return to their previous functional status. Depression may make the resumption of activities difficult after an acute hospitalization, especially surgical interventions, contributing to poorer outcomes.
Recovery is defined as improvement in functional status and the perception that one is recovering. Recovery is a return to wholeness that occurs by conservation of energy and restoration of integrity. Four conservation principles guide nursing practice: energy, structural integrity, personal integrity and social integrity (Levine...
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