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...LEARNING AND LITERACY: Grades 7 - 12 By P. McCabe, April 1998 Cooperative learning as a formal instructional process was first noted in the literature in the mid-1960s with the original work coming out of Johns Hopkins University. Concurrently David and Roger Johnson were also developing and testing cooperative processes. Cooperative learning is more structured than most educators seem to think and a lot of what is transpiring in classrooms today under the umbrella of cooperative learning really isn't cooperative learning. There are a handful of legitimate cooperative learning models available and there is a massive number of models that claim to be cooperative learning but they do not include the basic requirements in the cooperative learning process. The cooperative learning process involves very specific steps to implement effectively and correctly. These steps include teaching students the social skills and the problem solving skills they need to be successful in working cooperatively. Since there are numerous elements involved in establishing a truly cooperative classroom which would require most of this four essay to explain, this writer is making an assumption that...