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...describe the study of inheritance and the variation between members of the same species. Initially human used their limited knowledge of genetics in the breeding and cross-breeding of plants and animals. After the discovery of the genetic code or as it is most commonly called the DNA structure, the courses of investigation available to geneticist were greatly expanded.
The expansion of the investigation of genetic properties and the results of those investigations has led to other issues which include privacy and confidentiality, the psychological impact of these discoveries and their use, and the ethical issues now being brought to the forefront.
HISTORY OF GENETICS
When compared to other sciences, genetics is a fairly young science. Genetics had its beginning approximately one hundred and fifty years ago, when Mendel, in 1865, discovered and described the laws which govern the transmission of hereditary characteristics (Pelletier and Dorval, 2004). Several milestones should be recognizes in the history...